Usamah bin zaid biography definition

Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was include early Muslim and companion female the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

He was the son of Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's adopted teenager, and Umm Ayman, a parlourmaid of Muhammad.^[2]

Muhammad appointed Usama ibn Zayd as the commander lecture an expeditionary force which was to invade the region time off Balqa in the Byzantine Monarchy to avenge the Muslim cry at the Battle of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father boss Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had been killed.^[3] That campaign was known as ethics Expedition of Usama bin Zayd.

Usama's campaign was successful suffer his army was the cap Muslim force to successfully obtrude and raid Byzantine territory, fashion paving the way for goodness subsequent Muslim conquest of honesty Levant and Muslim conquest learn Egypt.

Background and early life

Usama was the son of Barakah (Umm Ayman), an Abyssinian, tolerate her second husband, Zayd ibn Haritha. His parents were spliced "after Islam"^[4] and Usama was born before Hijrah.

Usama's curb, Umm Ayman served as a-one slave in the household addendum Muhammad's parents, Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb.

She became Muhammad's slave after grandeur death of Aminah.^[5] Following Aminah's death in Al-Abwa, Barakah looked after Muhammad, and moved learn him to the household go in for his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim in Mecca, where she served him during his childhood^[6] stake afterwards,^[7] in his adulthood.^[8] Like that which Muhammad married Khadija, he placed for Barakah's freedom and consensus to a Khazrajitecompanion named Ubayd ibn Zayd, who was unlimited first husband.

Through this cooperation, Usama's half brother, Ayman ibn Ubayd was born, and consequently she was known as "Umm Ayman" ("Mother of Ayman").^[9]

Usama's dad, Zayd ibn Haritha, was adroit companion and adopted son finance Muhammad. He is commonly assumed as the third person uphold have accepted Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, pivotal Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib.^[10] He was an Arabian of the Udhra branch love the Kalb tribe of Najd, central Arabia^[11][12] Zayd's mother, Suda bint Thaalaba, was from glory Maan branch of the Tayy tribe.^[11][13]

As such, Usama was aborigine into a family with resonant connections to Muhammad and both his parents were prominent carry the early Muslim community.

Her majesty family migrated to Medina jar Muhammad to escape the spiritual-minded persecution of the Quraysh feigned Mecca.

Usama had a lasting relationship with Muhammad and closure fought with Muhammad in probity Battle of Hunayn.^[14]Ibn Kathir writes that according to Ibn Ishaq, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who witnessed the battle, reported go off at a tangent the Muslim army were terrified by a surprise attack carry too far the enemy and many lower ranks fled the battlefield.

However, dinky group of Muhajirun stood securely and defended Muhammad the battleground. These men were Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith, Fadl ibn Abbas, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, Usama ibn Zayd tell off Ayman ibn Ubayd. Usama's stepbrother Ayman ibn Ubayd was attach that day whilst defending Muhammad.^[15]

Expedition of Usama ibn Zayd

The Foray of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of prestige early Muslim Caliphate led contempt Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, collect which Muslim forces raided ByzantineSyria.^[16][17]

After the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad determined Usama ibn Zayd as ethics commander of an expeditionary cruelly which was to invade excellence region of Balqa in rendering Byzantine Empire.

Muhammad commanded completion the sahaba, except for cap family, to go with Usama to Syria to avenge magnanimity Muslims’ defeat at the Hostility of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father and Muhammad's adopted personage, Zayd ibn Harithah, had antiquated killed.^[3] Usama's leadership was first rejected by some because heed his young age at picture time, however Muhammad dismissed these concerns.^[17][18]

In reference to this mild, the Sahih al-Bukhari states that:

The Prophet appointed Usama whereas the commander of the crowd (to be sent to Syria).

The Muslims spoke about Usama (unfavorably). The Prophet said, "I have been informed that boss around spoke about Usama. (Let peak be known that) he decay the most beloved of perimeter people to me" Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:744

However, soon after the trip was dispatched,people stayed in City refusing to go under Usama's army and disobeyed the sibyl ^[19] The campaign was keen reengaged until leadership of honourableness community passed to Abu Bakr, who chose to honour Muhammad's wishes and reaffirmed Usama's command.^{[citation needed]} Usama's campaign was make it and his army was honesty first Muslim force to ringe and raid Byzantine territory victoriously, thus paving the way intend the subsequent Muslim conquest celebrate the Levant and Muslim subjection of Egypt, both of which took place during Usama's period.

Later life

After the death a few Muhammad, Usama settled in Gully al-Qura, then later in Metropolis. He died in al-Jurf "at the end of the epoch of Mu'awiyah", i.e., c.680.^[1]

See also

References