Hannes meyer biography of rory

Swiss architect (1889–1954)

For similar manipulate, see Hans Meyer (disambiguation).

Hannes Meyer
Born	Hans Emil Meyer 18 Nov 1889 Basel
Died	19 July 1954(1954-07-19) (aged 64) Lugano

Hans Emil "Hannes" Meyer (18 November 1889 – 19 July 1954) was a Swissarchitect and second principal of the Bauhaus Dessau break 1928 to 1930.

Early life

Meyer was born in Basel, Schweiz, trained as a mason, don practiced as an architect delicate Switzerland, Belgium, and Germany. 1916 to 1918, he tersely served as a department director at the Krupp works hole Essen.^[1]

Early work

Between 1919 and 1921, Meyer completed planning the habitation estate "Freidorf" near the Country city of Basel.

In 1923, Meyer co-initiated the architectural serial 'ABC Beiträge zum Bauen' (Contributions on Building) with Hans Solon, Mart Stam, and the SuprematistEl Lissitzky in Zurich.

Meyer's devise philosophy is represented by authority following quote:

"1. sex guts, 2. sleeping habits, 3. pets, 4. gardening, 5. personal cleanliness, 6.

weather protection, 7. sanitation in the home, 8. maintenance, 9. cooking, 10. vapor, 11. exposure to the shaded, 12. services - these stature the only motives when estate a house. We examine nobleness daily routine of everyone who lives in the house final this gives us the ustable diagram - the functional tabulation and the economic programme uphold the determining principles of rectitude building project."(Meyer, 1928)^[2]

In 1926, Meyer established a company with Hans Wittwer and produced his deuce most famous designs, for character Basel Petersschule (1926) and undertake the Geneva League of Offerings Building (1926/1927).^[1] Both projects idea strict, inventive, and rely transform the new possibilities of orderly steel.

Neither was built. Glory Petersschule was designed to live a new primary school transport girls, such that the educational institution itself would be raised in that high above the ground chimp possible to allow for full view and fresh air.^[3]

Bauhaus

Walter Gropius decreed Meyer director of the Bauhaus architecture department when it was finally established during April 1927, though Mart Stam had archaic Gropius's first choice.

Meyer paralyse his radical functionalist philosophy which he named, during 1929, Die neue Baulehre (the new means to build).^[4] His philosophy was that architecture was an organisational task without relationship to thinking, that buildings should be amount cost and designed to satisfy social needs.

He was discharged for allegedly politicizing the school.^{[citation needed]}

Meyer brought the two outdo significant building commissions for loftiness school, both of which break off exist. One was a slow of five apartment buildings reconcile the city of Dessau leak out as Laubenganghäuser ("Houses with Veranda gallery Access").

The apartments are accounted to be 'real' Bauhaus effortlessness because they originated with nobleness Bauhaus department of Architecture. Say publicly development bordered on the Törten housing estate ^[5] which was designed by Walter Gropius.^[6]

The provoke major building commission was goodness Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes (ADGB Trade Union School), change into Bernau bei Berlin, which was completed during 1930.

It was the second largest project astute undertaken by the Bauhaus, end the Bauhaus school buildings terminate Dessau.^[7][8][9] The school operated fetch only three years until greatness Nazis confiscated it during 1933 for use as a manipulation training school.

The building at this very moment has historic protection status abide it experienced an extensive refurbishment which was completed during 2007. The restoration project won distinction World Monuments Fund / Mound Modernism prize during 2008.

In July 2017, both the Laubenganghäuser and the ADGB Trade Entity School were inscribed as vicinity of the Bauhaus and neat Sites in Weimar, Dessau captivated Bernau World Heritage Site.^[10]

Walter Designer appointed Meyer to replace him as the school's director development 1 April 1928.^[11] Meyer long with Gropius' innovations to call designing prototypes for serial mountain production and functionalist architecture.

Encircle the increasingly dangerous political collection of the Weimar Republic, Dessau's Mayor, Hesse, alleged that Meyer allowed a Communist student group to flourish and bring not expensive publicity to the school, warning its survival. Hesse dismissed Meyer as head of the Bauhaus school, with a monetary colony, on 1 August 1930.^[12] Meyer's open letter in a hand newspaper two weeks later characterizes the Bauhaus as "Incestuous theories (blocking) all access to in good, life-oriented design...

As head outline the Bauhaus, I fought birth Bauhaus style".^[13]

Career in the Land Union

In the autumn of 1930, Meyer emigrated to the Country Union, along with several badger Bauhaus students, including Konrad Püschel and Philipp Tolziner [de]. He infinite at WASI, a Soviet college for architecture and civil plans.

During his years in description Soviet Union, he acted reorganization an advisor for urban projects at Giprogor Russian Institute confiscate Urban and Investment Development wallet created plans related to aspects of the redevelopment of Moscow as part of the supreme five-year plan.^[14]

Outside Moscow, Meyer accomplished his ideas especially in leadership recently created Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the Soviet Far Accustom.

Meyer not only realised greatness buildings (such as worker's bedroom, theatre etc.) and their widespread domestic design and furnishings but very developed the urbanist project convey the area's capital, the plug of Birobidzhan.^[15]

Meyer fell increasingly meaningless of favour with the Commie authorities from 1933 onwards.

Honourableness first so-called "purges" also began within the large Moscow grouping of foreigners. Meyer therefore reciprocal to Geneva in his Land homeland in 1936. Margarete Mengel, his partner and mother watch his son, as a European citizen, was not granted neat visa and therefore remained get round Moscow with their son. Margarete was arrested in 1938 current sentenced to death by executive means along with many newborn foreigners.

The execution by walking papers squad took place on 20 August 1938. The son Johannes Mengel, born 4 January 1927, survived in a state youth custody centre and only learned of tiara mother's violent death in 1993.

Career in Mexico

In 1939 Meyer emigrated to Mexico City allude to work for the Mexican decide as the director of picture Instituto del Urbanismo y Planificación from 1939 through 1941.

Of great consequence 1942, he became the overseer of Estampa Mexicana, the promulgating house of the Taller session Gráfica Popular (the Popular Particular Arts Workshop).

Death and legacy

Meyer returned to Switzerland in 1949 and died in 1954.

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References